Retort oven for producing gas and coke



April 25, 1933. F TQTZEK 1,905,075

RETORT OVEN FOR PRODUCING GAS AND COKE Filed Ndv. 3, 1928 s Sheets-Sheet1 ui k Int 62160 r Atf F. TOTZEK RETORT OVEN FOR PRODUCING GAS AND COKEFiled Nov. 5, 1928 2 MW N {WN April 25, 1933.

Patented Apr. 25, 1933 FRIEDRICH 'ro'rznx,or"EssEms'roPrENBERG;GE MA Y,AssIGN'oR, BYMESN'E As sremvrnnrs, TO THE Korrnns COMPANY or DELAWARE,or rrr'rsnunen,

SYLVAN'IA, A CORPORATION 'OF DELAWARE nnrom: ovmz ronfrnonucme GAS AND003E Application filed November 3, 1928, SeriaLNo.

U. S. Patents to 'Koppers, 818,033, dated April 17, 1906, and 1,026,169,dated Mayl l, 1912.

In this type of oven the coking chambers in which the coal is gasifiedalternate wlth heating walls, traversed by Vertical heating flues, thecoking chambers and heatmg walls being assembled to form a battery.Below" the coking chambers and heating walls arearranged theregenerators, extending in'the longitudinal direction of the coking chambers and heating walls and transversely to the longitudinal axis of thebattery as a Whole. Ovens of ythis type may be heated either with theirown rich gas. or with ex- 20 traneously-derived special gassuch asproducer gas and the like. I V y I In the ovens described in the patentsmentioned above the air or the mixture of air and gas to be preheatedascend in one half of each regenerator and after having passed throughthe heating fines of the heating wall overlying the regenerator descendin the other half of this same regeneraton. In con,-'

tradistincti-on thereto in the cokezovens'described in the German patentto Koppers No. 189,148, which belongs tothe same type as far as theregenerators are-concerned, adj oin+ ing regenerators cooperate pairs,the air or gases heating the coking chambers ascending in one anddescending in the other regenerator of each pair.

volve the disadvantage, more especiallywhen they shall be heated withpreheated air and preheated poor gas, that the bricklworkpar titionsseparating the regenerators and which are inserted between pairs ofregen erators traversed in opposite dll'eCtlOIlS,

measureabout 300-450 square feet and, on thegoperation of the oven beingstarted and the Whole block of chambers undergoing con siderableexpansion, have a great tendency 316,975, and in Germany November 10,1927. I

brick work from the upflow to thedownflow regenerators. V I have cfoundthat these drawbacks canbe obviated in accordance with the presentinvention by arranging the regenerators. for communication withthefheating walls in a manner, which shall be described morefullyhereinafter, reference being had to'the draw; ings aflixed to thisspecification and forming part thereof, which disclose an improvedrematically by way of example,

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section ota heating wall of this oven andof'the divided regenerator arranged below the" heating wall, ihese3ction being taken on theline in 1g! i V v 7 t Fig; 2 is a verticalcross sectionofpjart of thebattery of ovens on the line AA, and i Fig. 3is a similar section on the line B B inFig.1. i v

Fig. t is a partial horizontal seetionof'the batltery of ovens on theline E -E inliig. 1, an v i Fig. 5 is a similar section onthe line F'Fin;Fi.lJ

"Re err'ing to the drawings, 12 (Figs. 2 r

and 3) are the horizontally elongated coking chambers and 11 are theheating walls,

these latter-being here formed in a manner well knownper se of row ofpairs of vertical fiues a and 6, each pair'being separated by .avertical partition 35 and. com municating with each other by apassage36.

' .f Theov'en her 11' b jd 1 Ovens of this 1%' erative type 111- I e Sown 1 lgned o be operated with a change .of direction of the flow of thegases 'in. predetermined intervals, these pairs of heating fl ues aresupplied in the first time interval with gas and-ainentering throughseparate-ducts inthe bottom of the fines a, the waste gases formed bythe combustion of the mixed gas and air flowing downwards through thecorresponding flues b. After reversal of the valves provided for thispurposethe gasand air as well as the waste gases will travelin theopposite direction. the coking; chambers ,12 is thusvheated and The coalcharged-into I loo 60 tort oven embodying m'y-invention diagram}converted into coke, thefgas formed being Underneath the oven structureformed by the alternating heating fiues 11 and coking thechambers. V V

V Whenever the regener-ator" chambers 13 and 14 are tili zed for]preheating air and poor gases, the regeneraton chambers 15 and 16. 3%traversedin' the same time interval by "the l waste heat, While in theinterval next following; when the valves havebe'en' r'e-.

versedlthe regenerator chambers 15 and 1 6 serve 'for p'r'eh'eatingThisfis shown-in Fig- 1,.Wl161i6 air isflediinto the 'regenerator 15through the bottom canal 19', to be preheated toiabout1000 O." in'contact with the hot checkerwork and to reach the heating ,flues a ofthe corresponding pair of'heating' walls .f as those he'ating flues' onlthe ght 11 partly directly through the short ducts 2O hand. side inFig.1 are'concerneiwhich' are positioned directly above the regeneratorchambers 15 and 16, and for the other part througha canal 22 whichextends from the inner top corners of the regenerator first; in

slightly ascending [and thereafter 7 in.,:ho'riozontal direction abovethe correspoiiding regenerator chamber'13 and below the other halves ofthe heatingwalls '11 above the chambers13; 14.1", Ducts 21Vconnect thecanal 22 withthese heatingwalls' (Figs. 1 and-2y In a similarmannergasipreheated the regenerator 1 6 (Fig; 5), "'Which"adj.oins theregenerator 15, will passthrough ducts 33 (Fig. 4-) into those heatinglilies 'a, which are i positioned. above regenerators. [15, in the rightha'ndhalf. of Fig 1, while the heating fines a 'on'the left hand side ofFig. 1 are supplied with preheated gas fromthe same.vregeneratorchamber'16 by way Iofja canal 23 extending. from thefinne'rtop corner of re- V arts-waste gasesdescending in the lines '1) Onthelefthand side'o'f Fig. 1 escape through generator 16 'firstflin"slightly ascendingndii rection andthen horizontally underneath'the :55 I'ducts'24c (F-igs. 1, 2 and 4) connecting the row of flues in the lefthand half of Fig. 1;

canal with theseflues. I

the ducts 25, 26 into theregenerator cham bers 13 and 14, respectively,while the waste heat escaping fromthe righthand half of the heating wallflows through ducts 27, 28

j 5 andfcanals 29 and 30 (Figsi land 4:); which are formed andpositioned corresponding to [51, la m; i r V,

'1. Afcoke oven battery'co-mprising'a-series 7 of alternate horizontalcoking'chambers'and the canals 22 235-into the same regenerator{chambers 13 and 14 entering at the innertop corners thereof. Afterhaving passed through theichainbers in contact with the checker-Workarranged therein; which heated thereby; "thewaste" gases escape 1through the bottom canals 31 and 32,;respec1 parts of which arearranged'm alignment,

cross each other at the inner ;ends, as is shown in Fig. 1 for a pair ofcanals 22,29.

\ ;;'l he ,arrangement of the g extending-on top ofthe regenerators andT 1 f below the heatingfwalls is suchthat the canals 1 of each pair-(22,29 and 23,130) the greater Obviously, after the*valvesf(i 1ot shown)havebsen: reversed, [the airqand gases will flow ljin"theoppositedir'ectio'ns; lentering thmligh bbttom emails; 82. enels e in fathrough canals 19,. 7

'As'the drawings show, each gasparticle, no matter which Way it vmaytravel within the batteryg always encounters the'sametotalresistance asthe distances through which it passes aref alw'ays equally long. Commonseparatingwalls, in contact with which fresh air and gases on'the oneside and waste heat on the other-xmust becondu'cted, occur merelybetween the inner crossed-portions of the canals. In view of the factthat these separati'ngj walls are'arranged in the middle ofthe ovensystem, where no remarkable expansion takes 'placefthe dangerof crackingand a lossfof gas. is obviated.

sire to be limited to theeXact details of-construction shown anddescribed fo-r obvious:

modifications Will i occur tofa person skilled in the art. i v

heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, each of saidheatingfvvalls; comprising a row of verticalflues, two parallel rows ofregenerators along opposite sidesjof the chambers and heating walls", apartition feX tending throughout the longitudinal middle I axisof saidbattery andseparatingthe two rows of regenerators, ducts "directly com-7 'm'unicably'connecting the regeneratorcham- I bers on one side of'saidpartition with fines in thepo'rtion of the oven. above them, and a canalextending from' the; inner topfcorner of eachregenerator chamber. firstslightaos battery, respectively and below' the coking ly ascending'andthen in siibstantially' horr 1 zontal direction above theregenerator'chamber and below the levels of. the bottoms of the flue s'on the otherside'of said partition and ducts 'communicably connectingeach c'analwith flues in' the portioni of the oven above the same, theascending [portions of adrelation."

joining canalscrossing eachfother in spaced 6 I wish it to be understoodthat I do not del mono-1,5

2. Acoke oven batteryl'comprising a series of alternate horizontalcoking; chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in arow, each of said heating-walls, conipris ing a row of vertical hairpinflues, two parallel rows of regenerators along opposite sides of thebattery respectively andbelow the coking chambers and heatingqwalls a;partition extending throughout the longitudinalmiddle axis of saidbatteryand separating the two rows of regenerators,'ducts directlycommun-icably connecting the regenerator chambers with one of thebranches of each of the flues in the portion of the oven above them,-

a canal extending from the, inner top corner of each regenerator chamberfirst in slightly ascending andltheni in snbstantially horizontaldirection abovexthe regenerator chamber and below the level of the;bottoms of the fines on theother side of said parti: tion, :and ducts,communicably connecting each canal with one ofithe branchesof each ofthe fines in the portion of the oven above the same, the ascendingportions of adjoining canals crossing each other in spacedrelation. 3. Acoke oven comprising a row of juxta posed vertical flues, a regeneratorparallel thereto and below the levels of the bottom of part of said rowof fines, means directly com: municably connecting said, regeneratorwith alternate flues of said part, and a canal communicating with andextending from one end of said regenerator below the levels of the otherpart of said row' andalso communi, cating with alternate fines of said.other art. p 4. A coke oven comprising a row of jiixta-j posed verticalflues, two regenerators arranged in line parallel to said row below thelevels of the bottoms of said flues, means communicably connecting voneof "said regenerators with alternate fines in the portionof the, rowabove it and separate means extending from the inner end of theregenerator between the other regenerator, andthe levels of the bottomsof theflues in the portion of the {row thereabove and communicablyconnectin the first mentioned regenerator with thea; ternate fines inthe portionof the row above said other 'regenerator chamber, means comemunicably connecting the other. regenerator with the intermediate finesin the portion of the row above it and separate meansextending from theinner endof said other'regen erator between the first mentionedregenermtor and the levels of the bottomsof the fines in the portion of the rowthereabove and commnnicably connecting said other regen, erator with theintermediatefiues in the portion of the row above said first mentionedregenerator. a V p I a 5. A coke oven comprisinga horizontal cokingchamber, a heating wall-therefor and parallel thereto, said"heatinglwall comprising a row of vertical. flues,ftwo horizontalregenerators in line parallel to said row below said cokingchamberandheating wall, ducts directly communicably connecting one of saidregenerators with the alternateflues in the'part of the row above it, acanal communieating with and extending fromthe inner end ofsaidregenerator between the other rea generator and level of thebottom ofthe re mainingpart of the row and also communicating'w'ith the alternateflues in said remaining part of the row,-the other of said two theotherregenerator and the levels of thebottom of thefiues in, the other halfof said heating wall, and means .communicably-con- 'necting said canalwith some of the fluesin' said last mentioned half of theheatin-g wall,one of said regenerators being communicably connected as aforesaid withalternate' ifluesand the other-'with intermediate fines,

1 'Z.' A coke oven comprising a horizontal coking chamber, a heatingwall therefor and parallel thereto, .said heating wall comprising-a rowof .ivertioal fines, twohorizontal' 'regenerators below andiinlineparallel; to

said coking chamber and heating walhflshort direct communicationsbetween each; regen orator and some ofthe fluesin the half of saidheatingwallfor the portion of the oven above thesame, a canalcommunicating with and extendmgfro'm the inner top corner of eachregenerator at an. angle .to the horizontal and also between the otherregenerator and the levels of the bottoms of the fiues in theother halfof said heating wall substan-' tially parallel to said regenerator andheating wall, and means c-ommunicably connecting said canal .to some ofthe fiues insaid last mentioned half of the heating wall, and one ofsaidregenerators being communicably .connected asaforesaid withalternate flues and the other with intermediate fines, and the portionsof said two canals which extend at an, angleto the horizontal crossingeach other in spacedrelationa H i a i V 8. A coke oven comprising ahorizontal coking chamber, a heatingwall therefor and parallel thereto,a row of vertical hairpin fines insai'd heating wall, two horizontalregenerators below and in line parallel tosaid cokingehamber and heatingwall, short direct comniunicating' connectionsbetween each relgene'ratorand some of the' flues inithe half of it said heatingwall for theportion'ofthe oven abovethe same, a canal communicating with andextendingfrom the inner top corner ofeach= regenerator and between theother re- 'g nerator andthe levels of the-bottomofthe fines in theother'half of said heating wall and means communicably connecting saidcanal withlsoni'e ofthe flues in" said last mentioned half, T one ofsaid regenerators belng-"con-i 'nected as aforesaid with one branch ofthe ,hairpinflue's and' the other regenerator with the other branch ofsaid hairpin fiues.

9.; 'A'coke oven battery comprising, in cornbination: a series ofalternate coking chambers andheating walls therefor arranged side i "byside in a row; twoseries of regenerators situated'below theoven and'separated'bya wall "longitudinally of the battery, each of isaidheatingwalls com-prising vertical'heatmg fines, the? vertical :flucsof: eachxof said 1 heating walls beingc'ommunicably: con-' necte'd'withothers of the vertical" cheat ing fiues of said walls'so as to ro-avide'two 'sets of vertical heatin'g flues op- V V erableifor'concurr'ent inflow combustion and outflow of waste gasesinflalternationwith, each other along the portions of the cokingeha'inbers in the portions of thebattery, above 7 eachof saidv series ofregenerators means directly c'ommunicably connecting each: of theregenerators'with some of the'verticallflues in the portion ofthebattery-above their-re! 'spective series, and canal means communicatlinglwith and extending from one endof each of thefregenerators betweenthe upper p0r tionsg'oi the regenerators of the other series I V andth'elevels of the bottoms of the fines in the '40 of regeneratorsandcommunicating with portion-ofthe battery above the other :series someofthelast mentioned 'flues.

-10." coke oven battery comprlsing-jdn I comprising vertical heatingflue's, thever combination a series ;of alternate, coking chambers andheating walls therefor are ranged side by- 'si-de'in "a row; two seriesof regeneratorg'situated below the oven, 's'epa-i rated by a walllongitudinally "of the battery and operable for concurrent inflowpreheating and outflow'of waste gas in alternation with each other;each-of said heating walls ticalfi u es ofieach of said heating walls being ccmmunicably connected "with others" of '55 the vertical heatingfines of said' walls so as to provide' two sets ofvertica'lheating fluesoperable Zfof concurrent inflow combustion and; outflow of waste: gas'inalternation with each other along theiportions of the coking chambersabove each of said series of regenerators, meansdlrectlycommunic-ablyconnecting each 7 the Qregenerators of one of thetw-oseries thereof with some of the fines of -one of the two 'setsthereof along v the portions of the Looking chambers above said seriesof regenerthe 'levelsof the bottolns of the ,flues above the otherseries of regeneratorsand co nniuof the-two sets tlier'eofa longportionsfof the cokingchambersfjinthe portion of the" battery above"said lrother series" of v regeneratorjsjandjeach of thekregeneratorsof-the otheroif the two series thereof 'connnunicat-Q ing -similarlywith some "of the fiues of the oth'erof theftwo sets'th'ereof along thepor said two series' of regeneraters.1'v

'tion s'oif thecoking c jainbersY-aboveboth Eisnggne combination: aseries of alternate coking ii chambers and heating walls fv therefor arregenerator's, situated below the oven; sepaj rated by a walllongitudinally of the battery,

operable for. concurrent inflow preheatrangedsidebyside ing a row','ftwoseries of the'upper portions'of'the}regeneratorsof the f other 'ser'ie's and the levelsof the bottomsiol.

the flu'espin' the portion of the oven above said series, each ofsaidfheating'wallscoine prising pairs fof vertical flues; eom municablyv connected withfeach other f or iconcurrent combustion and outflowofwaste gas in alternation with each other, therebeing p airsjlof suchfiues along portions of the cok ing' 'chanibers on opposite sides of thesepa- I ratin wall; one flue-deach ofthe aforesaid pairs communicatingdirectly with a regenerator of theserie'sf on thejsame side ofthebattery that the pair -o'f'fluesis on andith'e other fluejf'of (each;pair I communicating s. through an extensionpassageway wlth a r ef conbinationil' a series of alternatecoking V 7 generator of thfle otherseries. 1 2. A coke oven battery comprising,

chambers and heating walls therefor tar-i n e Side s d t w, a h "b i a fI heating'f walls comprising vertical 1 heating flues two series ofregenerator's situated bee;

low theojven and separated by awallllongi-j e tudinally of thebattery';means 'substantially'ldirectly communicably connecting regen erators of.eachfof said series with SOIIlQl O'f the vertical flues'linthe vportionfofthe oven! abovetheir respectiveliseriesy canal Ineans connnuncat1ngj wlth I and ext-endlng from one endfol, regenerators' ofeachfofsaid series between the upper portions of the re generators of theother-series and'the'ilevels of the bottoms of the fines, in theportiongoi the battery above said-other series of regeneratorsi andcommunicating with? somejof the last mentionedjflues. I I s Af'coke-ovenbattery comprising, in

ing and outflow t me gagin enemas- 11 9 w th eachother,'extens1onpassageway means 1 extendlng from each jregeneratorbetween combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heatingwalls therefor ari ranged side by side in a row, eachof said heatingwalls comprising vertical heating flues; two series of regeneratorssituated bee low the oven, separatedby a wall longitudinally of thebattery, and operable for concurrent inflow preheating and outflow of.

waste gas in alternation with each other; means directly communicablyconnecting regenerators of one of the two series thereof with some ofthe flues along the portionsof the coking chambers in the portion of thebattery above said series of regenerators; canal means communicatingwith and extending from one end of regenerators of said oneof the twoseries thereof between the upper portions of regenerators of the otherseries thereof and below the levels of the bottoms of the flues abovethe other series of regenerators and communicating with some of saidfiues; and the'rege'nerators of the other of the two series thereofcommunicating similarly with some of the fines above both of said twoseries of regenerators.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

FRIEDRICH TOTZEK.

